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\u0645\u0627\u0626\u0629.<a href=\"#_ftn18\" name=\"_ftnref18\">[18]<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>\u0639\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u062c\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0646\u064a \u062c\u0647\u064a\u0631<\/strong>: \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644. \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645 \u0641\u062e\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0639\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0639\u0632\u0644 \u0623\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062e\u0631. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0641\u064a<a href=\"#_ftn19\" name=\"_ftnref19\">[19]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><strong>\u0628\u0646\u064a \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629<\/strong>: \u062a\u0631\u062c\u0639 \u0623\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0634\u062f \u0648\u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0634\u062f \u0627\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0628\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0651 \u0628\u0646 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u0629<a href=\"#_ftn20\" name=\"_ftnref20\">[20]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<h2>\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0645\u0633\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u064a\u0631\u0629<\/h2>\n<p>\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u0641\u0629 \u0639\u0636\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0647\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0636\u064a\u0621 \u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0635\u0637\u0644\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621 &#8220;\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629&#8221; \u0648\u064a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0642\u062f \u062a\u0622\u0645\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647. \u062b\u0645 \u0628\u062f\u0623\u062a \u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0644\u0637\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0644\u062f\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u062a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0630\u064a\u0628 \u062b\u0645 \u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0646\u0628\u0644\u064a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u0633 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u062a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0646\u0627\u0635\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0647\u062f\u064a<a href=\"#_ftn21\" name=\"_ftnref21\">[21]<\/a> \u0648\u0646\u062c\u0627 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0646\u0642\u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0648\u0632\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646. \u0648\u0633\u062c\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u064a \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0638\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647<a href=\"#_ftn22\" name=\"_ftnref22\">[22]<\/a> \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u064a\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0646\u0635\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0647\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\">[1]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref2\" name=\"_ftn2\">[2]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.aleftoday.info\/article.php?id=8732\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u063a\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u062a\u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a<\/a> \u0640 \u062c3<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref3\" name=\"_ftn3\">[3]<\/a> \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/islamweb.org\/ar\/library\/index.php?page=bookcontents&amp;idfrom=1677&amp;idto=1677&amp;bk_no=60&amp;ID=1561\">\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0633\u0647\u0644<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref4\" name=\"_ftn4\">[4]<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0628\u063a\u062f\u0627\u062f\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0632\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0628 \u0661 \/ \u0664\u0662\u0668<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref5\" name=\"_ftn5\">[5]<\/a> \u00a0\u0646\u0643\u0628\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0641\u0642 \u0648\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0647 \u0641\u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0645\u0627 \u0638\u0646 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u062c\u0631\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0646\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0628\u0648\u0633\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0641\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0628\u0639\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0645\u0627\u0626\u062a\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0635\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u062f. <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taraajem.com\/persons\/4377\/%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%8A%D9%85%D8%A7%D9%86-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D9%88%D9%87%D8%A8\">\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/a>\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b- \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0637 0( 2006) , \u062c: 10- \u0635: 287<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref6\" name=\"_ftn6\">[6]<\/a> \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.islamweb.net\/ar\/library\/index.php?page=bookcontents&amp;ID=2401&amp;bk_no=60&amp;flag=1\">\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u062f<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref7\" name=\"_ftn7\">[7]<\/a> \u00a0\u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0646 \u0628\u0644\u0628\u0644\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.islamweb.net\/ar\/library\/index.php?page=bookcontents&amp;ID=2513&amp;idfrom=0&amp;idto=0&amp;flag=1&amp;bk_no=60&amp;ayano=0&amp;surano=0&amp;bookhad=0\">\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref8\" name=\"_ftn8\">[8]<\/a> \u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0639\u0634\u0631\u0629\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.islamweb.net\/ar\/library\/index.php?page=bookcontents&amp;ID=2729&amp;idfrom=0&amp;idto=0&amp;flag=1&amp;bk_no=60&amp;ayano=0&amp;surano=0&amp;bookhad=0\">\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref9\" name=\"_ftn9\">[9]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikishia.net\/view\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86_%D8%A8%D9%86_%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%81%D8%B1%D8%A7%D8%AA\">\u0648\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0639\u0629<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref10\" name=\"_ftn10\">[10]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.islamweb.net\/ar\/library\/index.php?page=bookcontents&amp;ID=2729&amp;idfrom=0&amp;idto=0&amp;flag=1&amp;bk_no=60&amp;ayano=0&amp;surano=0&amp;bookhad=0\">\u0633\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0621<\/a><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref11\" name=\"_ftn11\">[11]<\/a> <a href=\"http:\/\/encyclopedia.aarabiah.net\/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86%20%D9%85%D9%82%D9%84%D8%A9\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0645\u0642\u0644\u0629<\/a>&#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629.\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20080613210853\/http:\/encyclopedia.aarabiah.net\/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86\">\u0646\u0633\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0648\u0638\u0629<\/a>\u00a013 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 2008 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0642\u0639\u00a0<a href=\"https:\/\/ar.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/%D9%88%D8%A7%D9%8A_%D8%A8%D8%A7%D9%83_%D9%85%D8%B4%D9%8A%D9%86\">\u0648\u0627\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0643 \u0645\u0634\u064a\u0646<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref12\" name=\"_ftn12\">[12]<\/a> \u0635267 &#8211; \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062e\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062f\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 &#8211; \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062e\u0644\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u062f\u0631 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref13\" name=\"_ftn13\">[13]<\/a> \u0635368 &#8211; \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0628 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref14\" name=\"_ftn14\">[14]<\/a> \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u0639\u0634\u0642 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u062e\u0632\u0631\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0648\u0647\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u064a\u0639\u0634\u0642 \u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0623\u0628\u064a \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0641\u0631\u0622\u0647 \u064a\u0639\u0628\u062b \u0628\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0647 \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644: \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 \u0644\u0626\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u062a (\u0663) \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0645\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0633\u064a\u0631\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0632\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0644\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646: \u0644\u0648 \u0634\u0626\u062a \u062d\u0643\u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0645\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645: \u0623\u0646\u0627 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0643 \u0628\u062f\u0627\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0623\u0634\u0628\u0647\u0646\u064a \u0628\u062e\u0635\u0645\u0647 (\u0645\u0646 \u0641\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a)<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref15\" name=\"_ftn15\">[15]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taraajem.com\/persons\/126801\/%D8%B9%D9%84%D9%8A-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D8%AD%D8%B3%D9%86-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%A3%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D9%85%D8%AD%D9%85%D8%AF-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%B9%D9%85%D8%B1-%D8%A3%D8%A8%D9%88-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D8%A7%D8%B3%D9%85-%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%85%D8%B3%D9%84%D9%85%D8%A9\">\u0639\u0644\u064a \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0646 \u0628\u0646 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0628\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0633\u0645 \u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/a>\u060c \u0637\u0628\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0641\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0647\u062c\u0631 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629-\u0637 2( 1992) , \u062c: 5- \u0635: 247<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref16\" name=\"_ftn16\">[16]<\/a> \u00a0\u0635206 &#8211; \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 &#8211; \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref17\" name=\"_ftn17\">[17]<\/a> \u0635207 &#8211; \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 &#8211; \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref18\" name=\"_ftn18\">[18]<\/a> \u0645\u0648\u0633\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/almerja.com\/reading.php?idm=94575\">\u0627\u0628\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref19\" name=\"_ftn19\">[19]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taraajem.com\/persons\/12519\/%D8%A7%D8%A8%D9%86-%D8%AC%D9%87%D9%8A%D8%B1\">\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0641\u0631 \u0628\u0646 \u062c\u0647\u064a\u0631<\/a>\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 &#8211; \u0628\u064a\u0631\u0648\u062a-\u0637 15( 2002) , \u062c: 7- \u0635: 256<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref20\" name=\"_ftn20\">[20]<\/a> \u0635225 &#8211; \u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0621 &#8211; \u0623\u0645\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0641\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0647 &#8211; \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref21\" name=\"_ftn21\">[21]<\/a> <a href=\"https:\/\/shamela.ws\/book\/120145\/108\">\u0643\u062a\u0627\u0628 \u0625\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0623\u0646\u0628\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0621<\/a>\u060c \u0635108-118<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"#_ftnref22\" name=\"_ftn22\">[22]<\/a> \u00a0\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c <a href=\"https:\/\/www.taraajem.com\/persons\/85784\/%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%88%D8%B2%D9%8A%D8%B1-%D8%A7%D9%84%D9%82%D9%85%D9%8A\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/a><a href=\"#_ftnref23\" name=\"_ftn23\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u064a\u0639\u062f \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u0635\u0628\u0627\u064b \u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0646\u0641\u0648\u0630\u0647 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0628\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u0628\u0639\u0636 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\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[41],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-390","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-41"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/omarmeriwani.com\/history\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/omarmeriwani.com\/history\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/omarmeriwani.com\/history\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/omarmeriwani.com\/history\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/omarmeriwani.com\/history\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=390"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/omarmeriwani.com\/history\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":392,"href":"https:\/\/omarmeriwani.com\/history\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/390\/revisions\/392"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/omarmeriwani.com\/history\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=390"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/omarmeriwani.com\/history\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=390"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/omarmeriwani.com\/history\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=390"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}